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Roma, 10.8.2014
Egregio
Matteo95,
grazie per aver posto la domanda e per esserti dato la
risposta. Di seguito riporto gli elementi integrativi
che ho potuto raccogliere sull'argomento:
AE171,
zecca di Thessalonica, dopo 187-31 d. C.2, BMC V
40 var. (pag. 112), Moushmov
6638, ANS
SNG.7.770
Descrizione sommaria (sono indicate in rosso le
parti della leggenda usurate o comunque non più
leggibili):
D. Atena, testa elmata a destra con elmo corinzio.
R. Cavallo al galoppo a destra. Sopra e sotto, ΘEΣΣAΛO/NIKHΣ3.
La
ricerca nel web di monete di tipologia simile a
quella di figura ha prodotto i seguenti
risultati:
- http://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=948607
Auction 196 1373 (« | ») 7. March 2011 Description
GRIECHEN MAKEDONIEN. THESSALONIKA. AE (7,13g). 187
- 31 v. Chr. Vs.: Kopf der Athena mit
korinthischem Helm n. r. Rs.: QESSALONIKHS, n. r.
galoppierendes Pferd. SNG ANS 770ff. Herrliche,
olivgrüne Glanzpatina, vz.
- http://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=147854
Auction 126 1217 (« | ») 14. October 2003
Description GRIECHEN MAKEDONIEN THESSALONIKA
Objekt-Nr.: 1217 AE (3,91 g.), 187 - 31 v. Chr.
Vs.: Kopf der Athena mit korinthischem Helm n. r.
Rs.: QESSALONIKHS, n. r. galoppierendes Pferd. SNG
ANS 770ff. Schöne dunkelgrüne Patina, ss.
Estimation: € 100,00.
- http://www.vcoins.com/en/stores/nemesis_ancients/110/product/thessalonika_ae_18_athena__horse/198408/Default.aspx
Thessalonika AE 18 Athena / horse OBVERSE: Athena
in crested hemet right REVERSE: Horse prancing
right 18mm - 8.6 grams. Price: US$ 21.00 € 15.71
Rates for: 8/7/2014.
- http://www.ebay.de/itm/Macedon-Thessalonica-Autonomous-AE-Athena-Horse-II-BC-Ancient-Greek-Coin-Rare-/251274872742
Authentic Ancient Autonomous Greek Bronze Coin
Greek city of Thessalonica in Macedonia - AE
Autonomous 2nd Century B.C. Obverse: Helmeted head
of Athena right Reverse: ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚHΣ - Horse
galloping right Weight: 6.5 g Diameter: 17 mm
Reference: Moushmov 6638, SNG ANS 770.
- http://www.ebay.es/itm/Thessalonica-in-Macedonia-187BC-Ancient-Greek-Coin-Athena-War-Magic-Horse-i33502-/321182878208
Greek city of Thessalonica in Macedonia Bronze
18mm (4.50 grams) Struck 187-31 B.C Reference: SNG
ANS 770 Head of Athena wearing Corinthian helmet.
ΘEΣΣAΛO / NIKHΣ above and below horse prancing
right. Helmeted Athena with the cista and
Erichthonius in his serpent form. Roman, first
century (Louvre Museum). In Greek religion and
mythology, Athena or Athene, also referred to as
Pallas Athena/Athene , is the goddess of wisdom,
courage, inspiration, civilization, law and
justice, just warfare, mathematics, strength,
strategy, the arts, crafts, and skill. Minerva is
the Roman goddess identified with Athena.
Precio: USD108,00 Aproximadamente 80,86 EUR.
- http://www.amazon.com/THESSALONICA-Macedonia-Authentic-Ancient-ATHENA/dp/B007RW5N56
THESSALONICA Macedonia 187BC Ancient Greek Coin
HORSE ATHENA War RARE i21967 Greek city of
Thessalonica in Macedonia Bronze 16mm (8.37 grams)
Struck 187-31 B.C. Reference: SNG ANS 770. Head of
Athena wearing Corinthian helmet. EAO / NIKH above
and below horse prancing right. Athena or Athene
(Latin: Minerva), also referred to as Pallas
Athena, is the goddess of war, civilization,
wisdom, strength, strategy, crafts, justice and
skill in Greek mythology. Minerva, Athena's Roman
incarnation, embodies similar attributes. Athena
is also a shrewd companion of heroes and the
goddess of heroic endeavour. She is the
virgin patron of Athens. The Athenians built the
Parthenon on the Acropolis of her namesake city,
Athens, in her honour (Athena Parthenos). Athena's
cult as the patron of Athens seems to have existed
from the earliest times and was so persistent that
archaic myths about her were recast to adapt to
cultural changes. In her role as a protector of
the city (polis), many people throughout the Greek
world...
- http://www.deamoneta.com/auctions/view/144/51
51 Macedon, Thessalonica, c. 187-31 BC. Æ (17mm,
8.04g, 12h). Helmeted head of Athena r. R/ Horse
galloping r. Cf. SNG ANS 770-2. Green patina, Good
Fine - VF. Prezzo realizzato: £ 5.
- https://www.numisbids.com/n.php?p=lot&sid=629&lot=107
MACEDON. Thessalonica. Ae (187-131 BC). Obv: Head
of Athena right. Rev: ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚHΣ. Horse
galloping right; below, thunderbolt. SNG ANS 770-2
var. (mintmark). Condition: Good very fine.
Weight: 5.2 g. Diameter: 19 mm. Estimate: 50 EUR.
Price realized: 40 EUR.
- http://www.tantaluscoins.com/coins/32418.php
Coin type: Greek Added on: Sep 26, 2008 State,
City: Macedon, Thessalonica Coin: VF AE -
Head of Athena right wearing Corinthian helmet
with long plum - Free horse galloping right
Mint: (187-31BC) Wt./Size/Axis: 4.80g / 16mm / -
References: •Lindgren II, 1169,70 For Sale:
This coin is for sale. ($45.00).
- http://www.tantaluscoins.com/coins/32417.php
Coin type: Greek Added on: Sep 26, 2008 State,
City: Macedon, Thessalonica Coin: VF AE - Head of
Athena right wearing Corinthian helmet with long
plum - Free horse galloping right Mint: (187-31BC)
Wt./Size/Axis: 5.30g / 16mm / - References:
•Lindgren II, 1169,70 This coin is for sale.
($40.00).
- http://www.beastcoins.com/Greek/Macedonia-Thessalonika/Macedonia-Thessalonika.htm
Autonomous Issue, AE18, c.90-75 BC,
Macedonia-Thessalonika (No legend) Head of Athena
right, wearing Corinthian helmet, border of dots
QESSL_L / NIKHS Legend above and below horse
galloping right, caduceus below 18mm, 7.11g Ex Vel
Garnett Collection.
- http://www.ebay.com/itm/THESSALONICA-Macedonia-187BC-Authentic-Ancient-Greek-Coin-Athena-HORSE-i21966-/321082493488
Item: i21966 THESSALONICA Macedonia 187BC
Authentic Ancient Greek Coin Athena HORSE Price:
US $302.99. Authentic Ancient Coin of: Greek
city of Thessalonica in Macedonia Bronze 16mm
(6.63 grams) Struck 187-31 B.C. Reference: SNG ANS
770 Head of Athena wearing Corinthian helmet.
ΘEΣΣAΛO / NIKHΣ above and below horse prancing
right. Athena or Athene (Latin: Minerva), also
referred to as Pallas Athena, is the goddess
of war, civilization, wisdom, strength, strategy,
crafts, justice and skill in Greek mythology.
Minerva, Athena's Roman Athena with the
cistaincarnation, embodies similar attributes.
Athena is also a shrewd companion of heroes and
the goddess of heroic endeavour. She is the virgin
patron of Athens. The Athenians built the
Parthenon on the Acropolis of her namesake city,
Athens, in her honour (Athena Parthenos). Athena's
cult as the patron of Athens seems to have existed
from the earliest times and was so persistent that
archaic myths about her were recast to adapt to
cultural changes. In her role as a protector of
the city (polis), many people throughout the Greek
world worshiped Athena as Athena Polias ("Athena
of the city"). Athens and Athena bear
etymologically connected names. The city was
founded around 315 BC by the King Cassander of
Macedon, on or near the site of the ancient town
of Therma and twenty-six other local villages. He
named it after his wife Thessalonike, a
half-sister of Alexander the Great. She gained her
name ("victory of Thessalians": Gk nikē "victory")
from her father, Philip II, to commemorate her
birth on the day of his gaining a victory over the
Phocians, who were defeated with the help of
Thessalian horsemen, the best in Greece at that
time. Thessaloniki developed rapidly and as early
as the 2nd century BC the first walls were built,
forming a large square. It was an autonomous part
of the Kingdom of Macedon, with its own parliament
where the King was represented and could interfere
in the city's domestic affairs. Roman era. After
the fall of the kingdom of Macedon in 168 BC,
Thessalonica became a city of the Roman Republic.
It grew to be an important trade-hub located on
the Via Egnatia, the Roman road connecting
Byzantium (later Constantinople), with Dyrrhachium
(now Durrës in Albania), and facilitating trade
between Europe and Asia. The city became the
capital of one of the four Roman districts of
Macedonia; it kept its privileges but was ruled by
a praetor and had a Roman garrison, while for a
short time in the 1st century BC, all the Greek
provinces came under Thessalonica (the Latin form
of the name). Due to the city's key commercial
importance, a spacious harbour was built by the
Romans, the famous Burrowed Harbour (Σκαπτός
Λιμήν) that accommodated the town's trade up to
the eighteenth century; later, with the help of
silt deposits from the river Axios, it was
reclaimed as land and the port built beyond it.
Remnants of the old harbour's docks can be found
in the present day under Odos Frangon Street, near
the Catholic Church. Thessaloniki's acropolis,
located in the northern hills, was built in 55 BC
after Thracian raids in the city's outskirts, for
security reasons. The city had a Jewish colony,
established during the first century, and was to
be an early centre of Christianity. On his second
missionary journey, Paul of Tarsus, born a
Hellenized Israelite, preached in the city's
synagogue, the chief synagogue of the Jews in that
part of Thessaloniki, and laid the foundations of
a church. Other Jews opposed to Paul drove him
from the city, and he fled to Veroia. Paul wrote
two of his epistles to the Christian community at
Thessalonica, the First Epistle to the
Thessalonians and the Second Epistle to the
Thessalonians. Thessaloníki acquired a patron
saint, St. Demetrius, in 306. He is credited with
a number of miracles that saved the city, and was
the Roman Proconsul of Greece under the
anti-Christian emperor Maximian, later martyred at
a Roman prison where today lies the Church of St.
Demetrius, first built by the Roman sub-prefect of
Illyricum Leontios in 463. Other important remains
from this period include the Arch and Tomb of
Galerius, located near the centre of the modern
city.
- http://www.sixbid.com/browse.html?auction=805&category=17359&lot=791403
LAC Auction C 4 June 2013 Lot 51 Price realized: 5
GBP Macedon, Thessalonica, c. 187-31 BC. ’ (17mm,
8.04g, 12h). Helmeted head of Athena r. R/ Horse
galloping r. Cf. SNG ANS 770-2. Green patina, Good
Fine - VF.
- http://www.sixbid.com/browse.html?auction=1141&category=24307&lot=1063266
Lot 107 Estimate: 50 EUR Starting price: 40 EUR
Price realized: 40 EUR MACEDON. Thessalonica. Ae
(187-131 BC). Obv: Head of Athena right. Rev:
ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚHΣ. Horse galloping right; below,
thunderbolt. SNG ANS 770-2 var. (mintmark).
Condition: Good very fine. Weight: 5.2 g.
Diameter: 19 mm.
- http://numismatics.org/collection/1944.100.10713
ANSSNG.7.770 Bronze Coin, Thessalonica.
1944.100.10713 Obverse: Athena head
Reverse: horse. Axis: 2 Weight: 8.349.
- http://numismatics.org/collection/1944.100.10714
ANSSNG.7.771 Bronze Coin, Thessalonica. Reference:
Gaebler.2 Citation: Obverse: Athena head
Reverse: horse. Axis: 11 Weight: 8.233.
- http://numismatics.org/collection/1944.100.10715
ANSSNG.7.772 Bronze Coin, Thessalonica. Reference:
Gaebler.2 Citation: Obverse: Athena head
Reverse: horse. Axis: 12 Weight: 6,255.
Concludo osservando che, per quanto consentito da una
valutazione a distanza, la moneta appare autentica.
Un saluto cordiale.
Giulio De Florio
---------------------------------------------------------
(1) AE17 (Asse
provinciale del diametro di 17mm). Raccolgo in
tabella le caratteristiche fisiche dei nominali
della tipologia di figura tratte dai
link di cui sopra:
| Riferimenti |
Peso
(g.) |
Diametro
(mm) |
Asse
di conio (h) |
| Link1 |
7,13 |
- |
- |
| Link2 |
3,91 |
- |
- |
| Link3 |
8,6 |
18 |
- |
| Link4 |
6,5 |
17 |
- |
| Link5 |
4,5 |
18 |
- |
| Link6 |
8,37 |
16 |
- |
| Link7 |
8,40 |
17 |
12 |
| Link8 |
7,86 |
22 |
- |
| Link9 |
4,80 |
16 |
- |
| Link10 |
5,30 |
16 |
- |
| Link11 |
7,11 |
18 |
- |
| Link12 |
6,63 |
- |
- |
| Link13 |
8,04 |
17 |
12 |
| Link14 |
5,2 |
19 |
- |
| ANSSNG.7.770 |
8,349 |
- |
2 |
| ANSSNG.7.771 |
8,233 |
- |
11 |
| ANSSNG.7.772 |
6,255 |
- |
12 |
Dall'esame dei dati in tabella si evince che le
caratteristiche fisiche della moneta in esame (7,3g,
17mm) rientrano nella gamma di oscillazione dei conȋ
d'epoca di pari tipologia.
(2) La moneta viene
temporalmente assegnata ad un periodo compreso
tra il 168 a. C. (v. Historia
Numorum, pag. 212; "nessuna
moneta autonoma fu battuta lì
prima della fine del regno di
Macedonia") e il 31 a. C., data
presumibile della perdita del
privilegio di battere moneta come
città autonoma. BMC annovera la
moneta tra gli assi del periodo
della "riduzione semionciale post
88 a. C.". Come si vede, non c'è
unanimità di pareri sulla precisa
collocazione temporale di questo
asse prrovinciale.
(3)
ΘEΣΣAΛONIKHΣ (di Tessalonica,
genitivo etnico). Riporto di
seguito qualche notizia storica su
Tessalonica (Salonicco in
italiano) tratta dal link12 di cui
sopra:
La città era stata fondata dal re
Cassandro di Macedonia, intorno al
315 a. C., sopra o vicino al sito
dell'antica città di Therma e di
ventisei altri villaggi vicini.
Egli dette alla città il nome di
sua moglie (Tessalonica, che in
greco vuol dire “vittoria dei
Tessali") la quale era nata nel
giorno della vittoria conseguita
da suo padre Filippo II sui
Focesi, sconfitti con l'aiuto dei
cavalieri della Tessaglia, i
migliori a quel tempo in Grecia.
Tessalonica si sviluppò
rapidamente e già dal 2° secolo a.
C. ebbe la sua prima cinta muraria
che formava una grande piazza. Era
parte autonoma del Regno di
Macedonia, dotata di un proprio
parlamento, dove il re era
rappresentato e poteva interferire
negli affari interni della città.
Dopo l'occupazione della Macedonia
nel 168 a. C. da parte dei Romani,
Tessalonica divenne una città
romana. E crebbe fino a diventare
un importante centro commerciale
posto sulla Via Egnatia, la strada
che collegava Bisanzio (poi
Costantinopoli) con Dyrrhachium
(Durazzo in Albania) e facilitava
gli scambi commerciali tra
l'Europa e l'Asia. La città
divenne la capitale di uno dei
quattro distretti romani della
Macedonia mantenendo i privilegi,
ma fu governata da un pretore ed
ebbe una guarnigione romana,
mentre per un breve periodo, nel 1
° secolo a. C., tutte le province
greche passarono sotto il suo
controllo. A causa
dell'importante ruolo commerciale,
i Romani la dotarono di un ampio
porto, il famoso Porto Scavato
(Σκαπτός Λιμήν) che ospitò fino al
XVIII° secolo le attività
commerciali della città; in
seguito, per recuperare spazio, il
porto fu interrato con i depositi
di limo del fiume Axios, e
spostato più in là. Resti di
banchine del vecchio porto si
possono trovare ancora oggi in
Odos Frangon Street, nei pressi
della Chiesa cattolica. L'Acropoli
di Tessalonica, situata sulle
colline a nord, fu costruita per
esigenze di sicurezza nel 55 a. C.
dopo le incursioni dei Traci nella
periferia della città. La città
possedeva una colonia ebraica,
insediata durante il primo secolo,
e destinata a diventare uno dei
centri iniziali della cristianità.
Nel suo secondo viaggio
missionario, Paolo di Tarso,
israelita ellenizzato alla
nascita, predicò nella principale
sinagoga della città e gettò le
fondamenta di una chiesa. Alcuni
ebrei che si opponevano a Paolo lo
cacciarono dalla città, ed egli
fuggì a Veroia. Paolo scrisse due
delle sue epistole alla comunità
cristiana di Tessalonica, la Prima
lettera ai Tessalonicesi e la
seconda Lettera ai Tessalonicesi.
Tessalonica ebbe un santo patrono,
San Demetrio, nel 306. Egli è
accreditato di una serie di
miracoli che salvarono la città,
fu proconsole romano della Grecia
sotto l'anticristiano imperatore
Massimiano e in seguito fu
martirizzato in un carcere romano,
nel luogo in cui sorge la Chiesa
di San Demetrio, costruita dal
sotto-prefetto romano
dell'Illirico Leonzio nel 463.
Altri resti importanti di epoca
romana comprendono l'Arco e la
Tomba di Galerio, situata vicino
al centro della città moderna. |
