Indice Dietro Avanti
Neapolis macedone, la Gorgone e il quadrato incuso - Replica
11.4.2020
Le mando le altre fotografie.
"grottesca"
colore argento
Peso 9,05
Asse di conio?
Prova magnetica negativa
Diametro 20mm
Tipologia Greca
Come sempre la ringrazio per la disponibilità.
fig. 1
Cliccare sulle immagini per ingrandire
Roma, 15.4.2020
Egregio Lettore,
di seguito riporto gli elementi significativi riguardanti la moneta di figura:

Statere (argento)1, zecca di Neapolis macedone2, 310-300 a. C., BMC V 6 (pag. 84), SNGuk_0102_0128

Descrizione sommaria:
D. Testa frontale di Gorgone dalla lingua sporgente3.
R. Quadrato incuso quadripartito4.

La ricerca nel web di monete della tipologia di figura ha dato luogo ai seguenti risultati:

  1. https://www.cngcoins.com/Coin.aspx?CoinID=364763 489959. Sold For $10500. MACEDON, Neapolis. Circa 500-480 BC. AR Stater (18.5mm, 9.74g). Facing gorgoneion with protruding tongue / Quadripartite incuse square. AMNG III/2, 6; HGC 3, 583; SNG ANS 406–19; Dewing 1604; Kraay Hirmer 433; Traité I 1740. EF, deeply toned, light scratch under tone on reverse. Perfectly centered on excellent metal. Ex Comte René Philipon Collection (1870-1936). Neapolis, which is well known for its apparently large issues of silver in the 5th-early 4th centuries BC, is relatively unknown outside of numismatics. Its exact location is unknown, though a city that has been under excavation near modern Polychronon may be Neapolis. The city was likely founded as a settlement by colonists from Mende in the 6th century BC. Like many of the other cities in the region, Neapolis supplied troops and ships to Xerxes during the Greco-Persian Wars, and afterward became a member of the Delian League. Its coinage consists of two large series of silver coins, both featuring the facing head of a gorgoneion on the obverse. The first series, with a simple quadripartite incuse reverse, began late in the Archaic period, circa 500 BC, and lasted until circa 480 BC. This is followed by a dual-sided coinage of drachms and hemidrachms featuring a female head on the reverse, which ran from the late 5th century BC until the early 4th century BC.
  2. vcoins 2,406.86€ Quotazione: 04/14/20. Macedon. Neapolis circa 480-450 BC. AR Stater (18mm., 9,01g) Facing gorgoneion with protruding tongue R/ Quadripartite incuse square. SNG ANS 410; HGC III, no. 583; cf. Dewing 1064. Good VF.
  3. https://www.ma-shops.com/henzen/item.php?id=43331&lang=it Conservazione: vf Numero di Catalogo: BMC 6 |SNG.Cop.223 |ANS.400 |AMNG.4 | Kraay 524 | Sear 1304 weight 7,62g silver Ø 20mm. obv. Gorgon′s head facing, with tongue protruding rev. Quadripartite incuse square. Neapolis ″new city″ was an ancient Greek city located in Edonis, a region of Thrace and later of Macedon. The site is located near modern Kavala. Neapolis was founded by colonists from Thasos, perhaps around the middle of the 7th century BC. Neapolis was a member of the Delian league and entered the Athenian tribute list at 454 BC first by toponym and by 443 BC by city-ethnic name. Recorded a total of fourteen times form 454 to 429 BC, it paid a tribute of 1,000 drachmas a year. It had independence from Thasos as dues of its customs were collected in its own harbour. At one point, property of Neapolitans in Thasos was confiscated by the oligarchs related to a situation from before 463 BC when the Thasian peraia was detached from Thasos. Despite the defection of Thasos from the Delian league in 411 BC, Neapolis remained loyal, causing the Neapolitan oligarchs to flee to Thasos and the confiscation of their property. Neapolis was besieged by the Thasians unsuccessfully, causing the Athenians to praise them for their loyalty and for participating in the siege of Thasos itself in 410 or 409 BC. Around 350 BC, Philip II of Macedon took Neapolis and used it as Philippi′s harbor. At the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC, the harbor was used as a base by the Republican leaders Brutus and Cassius. It kept its importance as a station on the Via Egnatia through the Imperial and early Christian periods. Paul landed here when he sailed from Troas to begin his missionary labors in Europe. BMC 6 |SNG.Cop.223 |ANS.400 |AMNG.4 | Kraay 524 | Sear 1304 R.
  4. vcoins US$ 4,500.00€ 4,140.90£ 3,626.10AUD 7,223.40CHF 4,372.20CAD 6,321.15 Rates for: 04/14/20 MACEDONIA, Neapolis. AR Stater (9.38g), c. 510-480 BC. Gorgoneion / Quadripartite incuse square. SNG ANS 403. good Very Fine, struck in high relief.
  5. https://www.cngcoins.com/Coin.aspx?CoinID=107942 Attractive Archaic Neapolis Sale: CNG 76, Lot: 267. Estimate $3000. Closing Date: Wednesday, 12 September 2007. Sold For $2960. MACEDON, Neapolis. Circa 500-480 BC. AR Stater (8.84g). Facing gorgoneion with protruding tongue / Rough quadripartite incuse square. AMNG III/2, 2; SNG ANS 401-2. Good VF, toned, a little granular.
  6. https://www.cngcoins.com/Coin.aspx?CoinID=333757 CNG 105, Lot: 60. Estimate $2000. Sold for $4250. MACEDON, Neapolis. Circa 500-480 BC. AR Stater (17.5mm, 9.90g). Facing gorgoneion with protruding tongue / Quadripartite incuse square divided diagonally. AMNG III/2, 1; HGC 3.1, 582. Near EF, toned. Good metal for issue.
  7. https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=1824919 Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com/ Triton XVII 128 07.01.2014 Description: MACEDON, Neapolis. Circa 500-480 BC. AR Stater (19mm, 9.82g). Facing gorgoneion with protruding tongue / Quadripartite incuse square. AMNG III/2, 6; SNG ANS 406–19; Dewing 1604; Traité I 1740. Good VF, toned, a few minor scratches on reverse. Good metal for issue. From the RAJ Collection. Neapolis, which is well known for its apparently large issues of silver in the 5th-early 4th centuries BC, is relatively unknown outside of numismatics. Its exact location is unknown, though a city that has been under excavation near modern Polychronon may be Neapolis. The city was likely founded as a settlement by colonists from Mende in the 6th century BC. Like many of the other cities in the region, Neapolis supplied troops and ships to Xerxes during the Greco-Persian Wars, and afterward became a member of the Delian League. Its coinage consists of two large series of silver coins, both featuring the facing head of a gorgoneion on the obverse. The first series, with a simple quadripartite incuse reverse, began late in the Archaic period, circa 500 BC, and lasted until circa 480 BC. This is followed by a dual-sided coinage of drachms and hemidrachms featuring a female head on the reverse, which ran from the late 5th century BC until the early 4th century BC.
  8. https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=920050 Freeman & Sear http://www.freemanandsear.com/ Manhattan Sale II 30 04.01.2011 Description: MACEDONIA. Neapolis. Ca. 500–480 BC. Silver stater (9.75g). Gorgon’s head facing, hair combed forward and terminating in ringlets, tongue protruding between long fangs / Rough quadripartite incuse square. Svoronos pl. 9, 32. ACGC 524. SNG ANS 405. Babelon, pl. 55. Rare. Extraordinary metal quality. Attractively toned. Extremely fine. Ex Peter Guber Collection. Neapolis was a colony of Thasos on the Thracian coast near the mineral-rich district of Mount Pangaion. The purpose of this foundation was to protect Thasian mining interests in the region. Not surprisingly, the design on the coinage of Neapolis also performs a protective function. The obverse device is the head of the gorgon Medusa, whose face was so hideous that anyone who looked directly at it would be turned to stone. In myth, the hero Perseus overcame this magic with the aid of Athena, who gave him a mirror and advised him to use it to see Medusa indirectly. Even after Perseus beheaded the gorgon, Medusa’s visage retained the power to petrify those who made the mistake of looking upon it. Thus her image on the coins of Neapolis was intended to ward off all intruders. The rather lumpy appearance of this stater is typical of the earliest coinage, as is the simple reverse. The recessed or incuse pattern on the reverse was caused by a special punch used to force the annealed metal of the flan into the obverse die. The use of a second die for the reverse, with its own artistic design, was a later development. Estimated Value: 7,500$.
  9. https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=506484 Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com/ Mail Bid Sale 79 146 17.09.2008 Description: MACEDON, Neapolis. Circa 500-480 BC. AR Stater (10.04g). Facing gorgoneion with protruding tongue / Quadripartite incuse square; bisecting lines in two quarters. SNG ANS 410 var. (incuse). VF, toned, porous, compact flan. Estimate: 1000USD.
  10. https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=94927 Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com/ Triton V 1267 15.01.2002    Description: MACEDON, Neapolis. Estimate $6000. MACEDON, Neapolis. Circa 525-450 BC. AR Stater (8.94g). Facing gorgoneion with protruding tongue / Quadripartite incuse square. SNG ANS 400ff; SNG Copenhagen 223; SNG Ashmolean 2320; Dewing 1064. Choice EF, granular surface. ($6000).
  11. http://www.s137585473.websitehome.co.uk/SNG/images/Images_SNG/01/Big/0102_0128.jpg http://www.sylloge-nummorum-graecorum.org/ SNG Vol: I 128 Newnham Davis Coins. State: Neapolis. OBV Description: Facing head of gorgon. REV Description: Quadripartite incuse square. Period: 5th cent. -500 -400. Metal: AR Denomination: Stater Weight: 9.64 Wear: Not worn Cast or Struck: Struck ID: SNGuk_0102_0128.

Veniamo alle conclusioni: la moneta in esame, pur con caratteristiche fisiche, generali e di stile affini ai campioni autentici reperiti nel web, non serba tracce dei duemila cinquecento anni trascorsi dalla sua coniazione. Utilizzando i link di cui sopra, ho realizzato un confronto sinottico tra la moneta in esame e le 10 monete autentiche reperite nel web. Dal confronto emerge che la moneta in esame è verosimilmente una replica moderna di un originale antico, forse la stessa replica di cui al link https://www.forumancientcoins.com/fakes/displayimage.php?pos=-11482.

Un saluto cordiale.
Giulio De Florio

--------------------------

Note:
(1) Statere (argento). Lo statere di riferimento, BMC v 6, ha un peso di 9,52g (147grani) e un diametro di c. 20mm. Raccolgo in tabella le caratteristiche fisiche degli stateri della tipologia di figura reperiti nel web.

Riferimenti Peso (g.) Diametro (mm.) Asse di conio (h)
Link1 9,74 18,5 -
Link2 9,01 18 -
Link3 7,62 20 -
Link4 9,38 - -
Link5 8,84 - -
Link6 9,90 17,5 -
Link7 9,82 19 -
Link8 9,75 - -
Link09 10,04 - -
Link10 8,94 - -
Dall'esame dei dati tabulati si evince che le caratteristiche fisiche della moneta in esame (9,05g, 20mm) rientrano nello spazio di variabilità delle monete d'epoca dello stesso tipo.
(2) Neapolis di Macedonia. La regione del Pangeo, col suo monte, con il porto di Neapolis e con l'isola graca di Thasos, può considerarsi il punto di partenza di una monetazione che gradualmente si estese verso occidente, seguendo un cammino pressoché identico a quello che i Romani più tardi chiamarono via Egnazia. Popolavano la regione tribù dedite all'estrazione dell'argento, ignote alla storia se non per le loro monete coniate sullo standard babilonese. Disponevano queste popolazioni, attraverso il passo del monte Symbolon e il porto di Neapolis (oggi Kavala), di una comunicazione diretta con l'isola di Thasos e con l'Egeo e, attraverso la via terrestre sopra citata, di un facile accesso ai commerci con le valli macedoni
(v. BMC V, pag. xiv).

(3) Neapolis era stata fondata per proteggere gli interessi minerari di Thasos nella regione. Non sorprende che il tipo del dritto avesse una funzione protettiva: il volto della Gorgone Medusa era così orribile che chiunque l'avesse guardata direttamente sarebbe rimasto pietrificato. Nel mito, l'eroe Perseo evitò la disgrazia con l'aiuto di Atena, che gli procurò lo specchio con cui poté osservare la Medusa di riflesso. Anche dopo che Perseo ebbe decapitata la Gorgone, il volto della Medusa mantenne il suo potere di pietrificare coloro che l’avessero guardata. Quindi la sua immagine sulle monete di Neapolis aveva una funzione apotropaica dissuasiva nei confronti dei malintenzionati.
(4) Quadrato incuso quadripartito. Il disegno incassato o incuso che si osserva nel rovescio si produceva in fase di coniazione quando il punzone veniva premuto per schiacciare il tondello ricotto contro il conio del dritto. L'uso di un disegno artistico anche per il rovescio fu uno sviluppo successivo.
Indice Dietro Avanti